{"id":17890,"date":"2023-07-17T10:00:38","date_gmt":"2023-07-17T08:00:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.welovecycling.com\/sk\/?p=17890"},"modified":"2023-07-17T10:03:37","modified_gmt":"2023-07-17T08:03:37","slug":"tdf-treningove-strategie-profesionalnych-cyklistov-v-priebehu-rokov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.welovecycling.com\/sk\/2023\/07\/17\/tdf-treningove-strategie-profesionalnych-cyklistov-v-priebehu-rokov\/","title":{"rendered":"TdF tr\u00e9ningov\u00e9 strat\u00e9gie profesion\u00e1lnych cyklistov v priebehu rokov"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u00fdval\u00e9ho profesion\u00e1lneho cestn\u00e9ho cyklistu, tr\u00e9nera, \u0161portov\u00e9ho riadite\u013ea a s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9ho cyklistick\u00e9ho koment\u00e1tora Matthewa Stephensa sme sa op\u00fdtali na v\u00fdvoj tr\u00e9ningov na Tour de France. Hovorili sme o hlavn\u00fdch zmen\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 sa udiali za posledn\u00fdch 20 rokov, vr\u00e1tane taktiky pretekov, tr\u00e9ningov\u00fdch kempov, Zwiftu, anal\u00fdzy \u00fadajov, tr\u00e9ningu nadmorskej v\u00fd\u0161ky. Tu je rozhovor.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Cyklisti v\u017edy tvrdo tr\u00e9novali na preteky ako je Tour de France. Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee celkov\u00fd objem tr\u00e9ningu sa za posledn\u00e9 dve desa\u0165ro\u010dia zv\u00fd\u0161il alebo zn\u00ed\u017eil? Tr\u00e9nuj\u00fa \u0161portovci tvrd\u0161ie alebo inteligentnej\u0161ie?<\/b><\/h4>\n

Aby som pou\u017eil seba ako referenciu, od roku 2000 do roku 2010 som tr\u00e9ningom str\u00e1vil pribli\u017ene o tretinu \u010dasu menej, ale s ove\u013ea vy\u0161\u0161ou intenzitou, ktor\u00e1 sa zameriavala na konkr\u00e9tne ciele a cvi\u010denia. Tak\u017ee som tr\u00e9noval tvrd\u0161ie a inteligentnej\u0161ie. <\/span><\/em>S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdm trendom alebo d\u00f4razom v profi cyklistike je v\u0161ak tr\u00e9nova\u0165 inteligentnej\u0161ie, no nie nevyhnutne tvrd\u0161ie. To sa v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee l\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 od jazdca k jazdcovi.<\/em><\/p>\n

Viete si spomen\u00fa\u0165 na tr\u00e9ningov\u00fa met\u00f3du, ktor\u00fa v\u0161etci pou\u017e\u00edvali pred 20 rokmi a ktor\u00e1 vy\u0161la \u00faplne z m\u00f3dy?<\/b><\/h4>\n

Jedna konkr\u00e9tna met\u00f3da, ktor\u00fa som ur\u010dite pou\u017e\u00edval, spolu s mnoh\u00fdmi prof\u00edkmi, bol tr\u00e9ning \u201eLong Slow Distance\u201c (LSD). To zah\u0155\u0148alo dlh\u00e9 jazdy s n\u00edzkou intenzitou stabiln\u00fdm tempom na budovanie aer\u00f3bnej vytrvalosti. <\/span><\/em>I\u0161lo o ve\u013emi tradi\u010dn\u00fa met\u00f3du, o ktorej sa teraz nepredpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee by pon\u00fakala pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea skuto\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdhod, preto\u017ee zameranie sa presunulo na \u0161pecializovanej\u0161ie a cielenej\u0161ie tr\u00e9ningov\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, ktor\u00e9 maximalizuj\u00fa zv\u00fd\u0161enie v\u00fdkonu za krat\u0161\u00ed \u010das. Stru\u010dne povedan\u00e9, str\u00e1vili ste pr\u00edli\u0161 dlho v sedle s mal\u00fdm v\u00fdkonom.<\/em><\/p>\n

Periodiz\u00e1cia tr\u00e9ningu bola hlavn\u00fdm pr\u00edstupom od 60. rokov. Vid\u00edte nejak\u00fd posun za posledn\u00e9 dve desa\u0165ro\u010dia?<\/b><\/h4>\n

Periodiz\u00e1cia tr\u00e9ningu sa dramaticky zmenila. Teraz vid\u00edme ove\u013ea \u0161pecifickej\u0161ie a sofistikovanej\u0161ie pr\u00edstupy prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 cie\u013eom a amb\u00edci\u00e1m jazdca, ale zoh\u013ead\u0148uj\u00fac ove\u013ea viac prvkov, ktor\u00e9 rozpozn\u00e1vaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne potreby konkr\u00e9tneho jazdca a zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa \u010dastej\u0161ie \u00fapravy tr\u00e9ningov\u00fdch stimulov. Existuje tie\u017e ove\u013ea viac \u00fadajov\u00fdch bodov, pomocou ktor\u00fdch mo\u017eno mera\u0165 fyziologick\u00fd stav jazdca. <\/span><\/em>Ako t\u00edmov\u00fd mana\u017e\u00e9r, ktor\u00fd pred p\u00e1r rokmi absolvoval nejak\u00fd v\u0161eobecn\u00fd kou\u010ding, som tie\u017e zistil, \u017ee holistickej\u0161\u00ed pr\u00edstup pomohol jazdcovi zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 tieto obdobia ove\u013ea lep\u0161ie. Mysl\u00edm t\u00fdm, v\u017edy po\u010d\u00fava\u0165 a reagova\u0165 na to, ako sa jazdec c\u00edti fyziologicky, nielen fyzicky.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Virtu\u00e1lne cyklistick\u00e9 platformy ako Zwift s\u00fa v posledn\u00fdch rokoch na vzostupe, zmenili sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm profesion\u00e1li pristupuj\u00fa k mimosez\u00f3nnemu obdobiu?<\/b><\/h4>\n

Z rozpr\u00e1vania sa s mnoh\u00fdmi profesion\u00e1lmi a pravideln\u00e9ho jazdenia na Zwifte, virtu\u00e1lne platformy pon\u00fakaj\u00fa pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 jazdi\u0165 vo ve\u013emi kontrolovanom prostred\u00ed so schopnos\u0165ou tr\u00e9nova\u0165 v\u00fdnimo\u010dne \u0161pecificky. Tr\u00e9ningy na mieru m\u00f4\u017eu prebieha\u0165 na platforme, prisp\u00f4sobenej cie\u013eom ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jazdca, bez ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek vonkaj\u0161ieho \u201ezasahovania\u201c. Poskytuj\u00fa tie\u017e bezpe\u010dn\u00fa alternat\u00edvu pre t\u00fdch jazdcov, ktor\u00ed nechc\u00fa riskova\u0165 tr\u00e9ning na potenci\u00e1lne nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch v tuhej zime. <\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Soci\u00e1lny prvok t\u00fdchto platforiem tie\u017e pom\u00e1ha, aby hodiny plynuli pr\u00edjemnej\u0161ie! Stru\u010dne povedan\u00e9, tieto platformy m\u00f4\u017eu nahradi\u0165 ve\u013ea vonkaj\u0161\u00edch stretnut\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa \u010dasto nedaj\u00fa robi\u0165 v zime. Mo\u017eno nezmenia kompletn\u00fd tr\u00e9ningov\u00fd pl\u00e1n, ale pon\u00fakaj\u00fa jasn\u00fa alternat\u00edvu k outdoorov\u00e9mu jazdeniu, ako aj platformu na hyper \u0161pecificky a efekt\u00edvny tr\u00e9ning.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Ako za posledn\u00fdch 20 rokov ovplyvnili pokroky v \u0161portovej vede a anal\u00fdze \u00fadajov pr\u00edpravu cyklistov?<\/b><\/h4>\n

Viac ako kedyko\u013evek predt\u00fdm maj\u00fa jazdci a tr\u00e9neri pr\u00edstup k sofistikovanej\u0161\u00edm tr\u00e9ningov\u00fdm n\u00e1strojom, anal\u00fdze \u00fadajov a vedeck\u00e9mu v\u00fdskumu na optimaliz\u00e1ciu svojich tr\u00e9ningov\u00fdch programov. To viedlo k posunu smerom k systematickej\u0161iemu pr\u00edstupu k tr\u00e9ningu, zalo\u017een\u00e9mu na d\u00f4kazoch. <\/span><\/em>Toto sa e\u0161te len za\u010d\u00ednalo, ke\u010f som jazdil, aj ke\u010f bolo \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 n\u00e1js\u0165 inform\u00e1cie, pokia\u013e ste nemali tr\u00e9nera. Teraz je pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch k dispoz\u00edcii to\u013eko inform\u00e1ci\u00ed s otvoren\u00fdm zdrojom, \u017ee jazdci s\u00fa st\u00e1le informovanej\u0161\u00ed ako kedyko\u013evek predt\u00fdm.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"Tour<\/a>
Ako sa zmenili tr\u00e9ningov\u00e9 strat\u00e9gie pre najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie preteky zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch? \u00a9 Profimedia<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ako sa za posledn\u00e9 dve desa\u0165ro\u010dia zmenili tr\u00e9ningov\u00e9 kempy a ich \u00faloha v pr\u00edprave na Tour de France?<\/b><\/h4>\n

Tr\u00e9ningov\u00e9 kempy zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa nesmierne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, ale za posledn\u00fdch 20 rokov sa zv\u00fd\u0161il d\u00f4raz na pou\u017e\u00edvanie vedeck\u00fdch met\u00f3d a technol\u00f3gi\u00ed. \u0160pecifick\u00fd tr\u00e9ning pre jedine\u010dn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky Tour sa stal viac zalo\u017een\u00fd na \u00fadajoch, pri\u010dom t\u00edmy zamestn\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u0161portov\u00fdch vedcov, odborn\u00edkov na v\u00fd\u017eivu a fyziol\u00f3gov na optimaliz\u00e1ciu v\u00fdkonu. <\/span><\/em>Tieto kempy teraz zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa pokro\u010dil\u00e9 fyziologick\u00e9 testovanie, ako je lakt\u00e1tov\u00fd prah a anal\u00fdza v\u00fdkonu, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje tr\u00e9nerom prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 individu\u00e1lne pl\u00e1ny. Mnoh\u00e9 kempy bud\u00fa zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 aj \u0161pecifick\u00e9 prieskumy k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch et\u00e1p v hor\u00e1ch alebo dokonca et\u00e1p, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa cez dl\u00e1\u017eden\u00e9 kocky ako na Tour de France 2022.<\/em><\/p>\n

Tr\u00e9ning na aklimatiz\u00e1ciu nadmorskej v\u00fd\u0161ky a teploty bol pred 20 rokmi relat\u00edvne novou z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165ou. Ako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 sa stala t\u00e1to \u010das\u0165 pr\u00edpravy?<\/b><\/h4>\n

Stru\u010dn\u00e1 odpove\u010f? \u017diadny t\u00edm nevynech\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 kempy, preto\u017ee ak to urob\u00ed, dostane sa do obrovskej nev\u00fdhody. V\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fd tr\u00e9ning sa stal z\u00e1kladnou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou pr\u00edpravy na Tour. T\u00edmy teraz \u010dasto organizuj\u00fa kempy vo vysokohorsk\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch, ako je Sierra Nevada alebo Mount Teide na Tenerife, aby zlep\u0161ili vyu\u017eitie kysl\u00edka a vytrvalos\u0165. <\/span><\/em>Niektor\u00ed jazdci bud\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 stany doma alebo bud\u00fa b\u00fdva\u0165 v hoteloch so \u0161peci\u00e1lne prisp\u00f4soben\u00fdmi \u201ev\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdmi izbami\u201c, ktor\u00e9 kop\u00edruj\u00fa v\u00fdhody b\u00fdvania vo v\u00fd\u0161ke. V roku 1999 som si urobil vlastn\u00fa tepeln\u00fa aklimatiz\u00e1ciu pred Tour de Langkawi vo ve\u013emi hor\u00facej a vlhkej Malajzii. Moja met\u00f3da: tr\u00e9ning v gar\u00e1\u017ei so zatvoren\u00fdmi dverami na dom\u00e1com trena\u017e\u00e9ri s mokr\u00fdmi uter\u00e1kmi v su\u0161i\u010dke. Bolo to ako jazda v saune, ale fungovalo to!<\/em><\/p>\n

Zmenila sa t\u00edmov\u00e1 dynamika a taktika pretekov za posledn\u00e9 dve desa\u0165ro\u010dia? Vyvolalo to potrebu nejak\u00e9ho nov\u00e9ho typu t\u00edmov\u00e9ho tr\u00e9ningu?<\/b><\/h4>\n

V posledn\u00fdch rokoch vid\u00edme v\u00fdvoj v tr\u00e9ningov\u00fdch kempoch tak, aby sme sa vysporiadali s \u201enov\u00fdm \u0161t\u00fdlom\u201c pretekov. Zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa \u201e\u0161tandardn\u00e9\u201c tr\u00e9ningy, ako s\u00fa n\u00e1jazdy v \u0161printe alebo n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1vodn\u00e9 tempo pri dlh\u00fdch horsk\u00fdch v\u00fdstupoch. Kempy s\u00fa tie\u017e ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdmi miestami na budovanie kamar\u00e1tstva, podporu t\u00edmovej pr\u00e1ce a d\u00f4very. <\/span><\/em>Dlh\u00fd zoznam jazdcov, ktor\u00ed boli pred sez\u00f3nou vybran\u00ed na jazdu na Tour, str\u00e1vi v\u0161etky tieto kempy spolu, nielen tr\u00e9ningom, ale aj spolo\u010densk\u00fdmi stretnutiami a spozn\u00e1van\u00edm. So zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm po\u010dtu t\u00edmov na osem, tieto kempy v podstate klad\u00fa z\u00e1klady pre t\u00edm, aby sa \u010do najlep\u0161ie spojil. S\u00fa tie\u017e miestom, kde mo\u017eno podrobne diskutova\u0165 o potenci\u00e1lnych scen\u00e1roch pretekov a \u00faloh\u00e1ch ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jazdca v nich. Pozornos\u0165 na najmen\u0161ie detaily je d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ia ako kedyko\u013evek predt\u00fdm.<\/em><\/p>\n

Do\u0161lo za posledn\u00e9 dve desa\u0165ro\u010dia k posunu v ment\u00e1lnej pr\u00edprave a psychologickom tr\u00e9ningu?<\/b><\/h4>\n

T\u00e1to oblas\u0165 \u0161portu sa dramaticky zmenila a\u017e do bodu, ke\u010f sa d\u00f4razne ch\u00e1pe, \u017ee du\u0161evn\u00e9 a fyzick\u00e9 id\u00fa \u00faplne ruka v ruke. T\u00edm Sky bol jedn\u00fdm z prv\u00fdch t\u00edmov, ktor\u00fd sa na to skuto\u010dne pozrel pred viac ako desiatimi rokmi s psychol\u00f3gom menom profesor Steve Peters. Teraz je to akceptovan\u00e1 norma, preto\u017ee t\u00edmy uzn\u00e1vaj\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eitos\u0165 rozvoja ment\u00e1lnej odolnosti, zamerania a strategick\u00e9ho myslenia. <\/span><\/em>Veci ako stanovovanie cie\u013eov, vizualiz\u00e1cia, pozit\u00edvny pr\u00edstup k\u00a0sebe sam\u00e9mu, relaxa\u010dn\u00e9 techniky a kontrola pozornosti sa dnes be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa, ale pred 20 rokmi by sa tieto praktiky zdali takmer cudzie. Pozn\u00e1m ve\u013ea jazdcov, ktor\u00ed na za\u010diatku odmietli tento druh vec\u00ed, aby to \u00faplne prijali a\u017e o nieko\u013eko rokov nesk\u00f4r.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ako zmenil trend akceptovania a integr\u00e1cie sily a kond\u00edcie v r\u00e1mci cyklistick\u00e9ho tr\u00e9ningu t\u00fd\u017edenn\u00fd tr\u00e9ningov\u00fd pl\u00e1n cyklistu?<\/b><\/h4>\n

E\u0161te raz ku mne v kr\u00e1tkosti. Ke\u010f som bol profesion\u00e1l, neabsolvoval som t\u00fd\u017edenn\u00fd tr\u00e9ning sily a kond\u00edcie, hoci som to robil mimo sez\u00f3ny. Teraz je tento druh tr\u00e9ningu neoddelite\u013enou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou be\u017en\u00e9ho t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov\u00e9ho tr\u00e9ningu pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu jazdcov, jeho frekvencia z\u00e1vis\u00ed od jazdca a osobn\u00fdch preferenci\u00ed. Sedel som a z\u00fa\u010dastnil som sa na skupinov\u00fdch stretnutiach v t\u00edmov\u00fdch tr\u00e9ningov\u00fdch kempoch, kde je \u010dasto intenz\u00edvnej\u0161ie zameranie na t\u00fato oblas\u0165. Profesion\u00e1li v\u0161ak musia n\u00e1js\u0165 rovnov\u00e1hu medzi objemom svojho cyklistick\u00e9ho tr\u00e9ningu a po\u017eiadavkami tohto typu tr\u00e9ningu, aby zabr\u00e1nili zraneniam alebo nadmernej \u00fanave.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00fdval\u00e9ho profesion\u00e1lneho cestn\u00e9ho cyklistu, tr\u00e9nera, \u0161portov\u00e9ho riadite\u013ea a s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9ho cyklistick\u00e9ho koment\u00e1tora Matthewa Stephensa sme sa op\u00fdtali na v\u00fdvoj tr\u00e9ningov na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":172,"featured_media":17893,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[115,597,1246,750,190,885,501,20,1600,55],"global-categories":[],"class_list":["post-17890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cestna-cyklisitika","tag-cestna-cyklistika","tag-cyklista","tag-cyklisticka-komunita","tag-kondicia","tag-priprava","tag-profesional","tag-rozhovor","tag-tour-de-france","tag-tour-de-france-2023","tag-trening"],"yoast_head":"\nTdF tr\u00e9ningov\u00e9 strat\u00e9gie profesion\u00e1lnych cyklistov v priebehu rokov<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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